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How Many Paintings Are in the Washington Dc National Gallery of Art

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National fine art museum in Washington, D.C., United states

This article is about the United States art museum. For other national fine art galleries, see List of national galleries.

National Gallery of Art
National Gallery of Art logo.svg
Washington October 2016-12.jpg

National Gallery of Art is located in Washington, D.C.

National Gallery of Art

Location in Washington, D.C.

Show map of Washington, D.C.

National Gallery of Art is located in the United States

National Gallery of Art

National Gallery of Art (the United States)

Show map of the United States

Established 1937; 85 years agone  (1937)
Location National Mall between third and 9th Streets at Constitution Artery NW, Washington, DC, 20565, National Mall, Washington, D.C.
Coordinates 38°53′29″Due north 77°01′12″W  /  38.89139°N 77.02000°W  / 38.89139; -77.02000 Coordinates: 38°53′29″N 77°01′12″West  /  38.89139°N 77.02000°W  / 38.89139; -77.02000
Drove size 75,000 prints
Visitors ane,704,606 (2021) - Ranked 6th globally[i]
Director Kaywin Feldman
President Mitchell Rales
Chairperson Sharon Rockefeller
Public transit access WMATA Metro Logo small.svg Washington Metro:
WMATA Red.svg Judiciary Square
WMATA Yellow.svg WMATA Green.svg athenaeum
WMATA Blue.svg WMATA Orange.svg WMATA Silver.svg Smithsonian
Virginia Railway Express L'Enfant
Metrobus: 4th Street and 7th Street NW
DC Circulator: 4th Street and Madison Drive; 9th Street and Constitution Avenue NW
Website nga.gov

The National Gallery of Art, and its attached Sculpture Garden, is a national art museum in Washington, D.C., United States, located on the National Mall, between 3rd and ninth Streets, at Constitution Avenue NW. Open to the public and free of charge, the museum was privately established in 1937 for the American people by a joint resolution of the U.s. Congress. Andrew W. Mellon donated a substantial art collection and funds for construction. The cadre drove includes major works of art donated by Paul Mellon, Ailsa Mellon Bruce, Lessing J. Rosenwald, Samuel Henry Kress, Blitz Harrison Kress, Peter Arrell Browne Widener, Joseph E. Widener, and Chester Dale. The Gallery's drove of paintings, drawings, prints, photographs, sculpture, medals, and decorative arts traces the development of Western Art from the Middle Ages to the present, including the just painting by Leonardo da Vinci in the Americas and the largest mobile created by Alexander Calder.

The Gallery'due south campus includes the original neoclassical Due west Building designed by John Russell Pope, which is linked hugger-mugger to the modern East Building, designed by I. M. Pei, and the 6.i-acre (25,000 g2) Sculpture Garden. The Gallery frequently presents temporary special exhibitions spanning the world and the history of art. Information technology is 1 of the largest museums in Northward America.

For the breadth, scope, and magnitude of its collections, the National Gallery is widely considered to exist one of the greatest museums in the U.s.a. of America, often ranking alongside the Metropolitan Museum of Art and Museum of Mod Fine art in New York Urban center, the Art Institute of Chicago in Chicago, Illinois, and the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, Massachusetts. Of the summit three art museums in the The states past almanac visitors, information technology is the only one that has no admission fee. in 2021 it attracted 1,704,606 visitors, and ranked fifth on the list of about visited art museums in the earth.[2]

History [edit]

Origins [edit]

Andrew Westward. Mellon, Pittsburgh banker and Treasury Secretarial assistant from 1921 until 1932, began gathering a private collection of onetime master paintings and sculptures during World War I. During the late 1920s, Mellon decided to straight his collecting efforts towards the establishment of a new national gallery for the United States.

In 1930, partly for taxation reasons, Mellon formed the A. Due west. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust, which was to exist the legal owner of works intended for the gallery. In 1930–1931, the Trust fabricated its start major acquisition, 21 paintings from the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg as part of the Soviet sale of Hermitage paintings, including such masterpieces every bit Raphael's Alba Madonna, Titian's Venus with a Mirror, and Jan van Eyck's Annunciation.

In 1929 Mellon had initiated contact with the recently appointed Secretarial assistant of the Smithsonian Institution, Charles Greeley Abbot. Mellon was appointed in 1931 as a Commissioner of the Institution'due south National Gallery of Art. When the director of the Gallery retired, Mellon asked Abbot not to appoint a successor, equally he proposed to endow a new building with funds for expansion of the collections.

However, Mellon'due south trial for tax evasion, centering on the Trust and the Hermitage paintings, caused the programme to be modified. In 1935, Mellon announced in The Washington Star his intention to found a new gallery for old masters, separate from the Smithsonian. When asked by Abbot, he explained that the projection was in the easily of the Trust and that its decisions were partly dependent on "the mental attitude of the Government towards the gift".

In Jan 1937, Mellon formally offered to create the new Gallery. On his birthday, 24 March 1937, an Human action of Congress accepted the collection and edifice funds (provided through the Trust), and approved the construction of a museum on the National Mall.

The new gallery was to be effectively self-governing, not controlled past the Smithsonian, but took the onetime name "National Gallery of Art" while the Smithsonian's gallery would exist renamed the "National Drove of Fine Arts" (now the Smithsonian American Fine art Museum).[three] [4] [5]

Construction and later on history [edit]

The museum stands on the former site of the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad Station, where in 1881 a disgruntled office seeker, Charles Guiteau, shot President James Garfield (see James A. Garfield assassination).[half dozen] The station was demolished in 1908 because it did not conform to the McMillan Programme for the Mall. In 1918, temporary war buildings were constructed on the site; these were demolished by 1921 to construct the foundation of the George Washington Memorial Building, which was never completed. The site was then reassigned to the new National Gallery of Fine art.[seven]

Designed by architect John Russell Pope, the new structure was completed and accustomed past President Franklin D. Roosevelt on behalf of the American people on March 17, 1941. At the time of its inception it was the largest marble structure in the world. Neither Mellon nor Pope lived to meet the museum completed; both died in late Baronial 1937, only two months after excavation had begun.[6]

As predictable past Mellon, the creation of the National Gallery encouraged the donation of other substantial art collections by a number of private donors. Founding benefactors included such individuals as Paul Mellon, Samuel H. Kress, Blitz H. Kress, Ailsa Mellon Bruce, Chester Dale, Joseph Widener, Lessing J. Rosenwald and Edgar William and Bernice Chrysler Garbisch.

The Gallery's E Building was constructed in the 1970s on much of the remaining land left over from the original congressional action. Andrew Mellon'south children, Paul Mellon and Ailsa Mellon Bruce, funded the building. Designed by architect I. Yard. Pei, the gimmicky structure was completed in 1978 and was opened on June 1 of that year by President Jimmy Carter. The new building was built to house the Museum's collection of modern paintings, drawings, sculptures, and prints, as well as study and research centers and offices. The blueprint received a National Award Honour from the American Plant of Architects in 1981.

The concluding addition to the circuitous is the National Gallery of Fine art Sculpture Garden. Completed and opened to the public on May 23, 1999, the location provides an outdoor setting for exhibiting a number of large pieces from the Museum's contemporary sculpture collection.

In 2011, an extensive refurbishment and renovation of the French galleries were undertaken. Equally office of the celebration of the reopening of this wing, organist Alexander Frey performed four sold-out recitals of music of France in one weekend in the French Gallery.

Operations [edit]

The National Gallery of Fine art is supported through a private-public partnership. The United States federal regime provides funds, through annual appropriations, to support the museum's operations and maintenance. All artwork, as well as special programs, are provided through private donations and funds.[8] The museum is not part of the Smithsonian Establishment.

Noted directors of the National Gallery take included David E. Finley, Jr. (1938-1956), John Walker (1956–1968), and J. Carter Dark-brown (1968–1993). Earl A. "Rusty" Powell III was named managing director in 1993. In March 2019 he was succeeded by Kaywin Feldman, by managing director and president of the Minneapolis Plant of Art.[9] [x] The museum hired Evelyn Carmen Ramos, the beginning woman and the beginning person of color to be the chief curatorial and conservation officer, in 2021.[11]

The president of the museum is billionaire businessman Mitchell Rales and its chairperson is Sharon Rockefeller.[12]

Entry to both buildings of the National Gallery of Art is complimentary of charge. The museum is open daily from 10 a.chiliad. – v p.m. Information technology is closed on December 25 and January 1.[thirteen]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the National Gallery was largely closed to the public. However, visitors were able to schedule appointments to access the west edifice in small numbers.[14]

Architecture [edit]

"E Building" redirects here. Not to be confused with Eastern Building.

Exhibitions in the West Building

Exhibitions in the East Building

Walkway to West Building and Cascade Cafe in National Gallery of Art, Washington.D.C.

The museum comprises two buildings: the Due west Building (1941) and the East Building (1978) linked past an underground passage. The West Building, composed of pinkish Tennessee marble, was designed in 1937 by architect John Russell Pope in a neoclassical manner (as is Pope's other notable building in Washington, D.C., the Jefferson Memorial). Designed in the form of an elongated H, the building is centered on a domed rotunda modeled on the interior of the Pantheon in Rome. Extending eastward and west from the rotunda, a pair of skylit sculpture halls provide its principal circulation spine. Brilliant garden courts provide a counterpoint to the long main axis of the building.

Dome of West Edifice, an entrance to permanent Renaissance Art collections

Indoor garden court with paired Ionic columns and symmetrical planting beds. August 2021.

The West Building has an extensive collection of paintings and sculptures by European masters from the medieval menses through the late 19th century, as well every bit pre-20th century works by American artists. Highlights of the collection include many paintings by Jan Vermeer, Rembrandt van Rijn, Claude Monet, Vincent van Gogh, and Leonardo da Vinci.

In contrast, the design of the Due east Building, by builder I. One thousand. Pei, is geometrical, dividing the trapezoidal shape of the site into 2 triangles: one contains public galleries, and the other houses a library, offices, and a study center. The triangles found a motif that is echoed throughout the building, realized in every dimension.

The Eastward Building'south central feature is a high atrium designed every bit an open interior courtroom that is enclosed by a sculptural space spanning sixteen,000 sq ft (1,500 10002). The atrium is centered on the aforementioned axis that forms the circulation spine for the West Building and is constructed in the same Tennessee marble.[15]

However, in 2005 the joints attaching the marble panels to the walls began to bear witness signs of strain, creating a take chances that panels might fall onto visitors below. In 2008, NGA officials decided that it had get necessary to remove and reinstall all of the panels. The renovation was completed in 2016.[16]

The East Building focuses on modern and gimmicky art, with a drove including works past Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, Jackson Pollock, Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, Alexander Calder, a 1977 mural past Robert Motherwell and works by many other artists. The East Building also contains the main offices of the NGA and a large research facility, Eye for Advanced Report in the Visual Arts (CASVA). Among the highlights of the Eastward Edifice in 2012 was an exhibition of Barnett Newman's The Stations of the Cross series of xiv black and white paintings (1958–66).[17] Newman painted them afterward he had recovered from a centre attack; they are commonly regarded as the superlative of his achievement.[ citation needed ] The series has besides been seen as a memorial to the victims of the Holocaust.[eighteen]

The two buildings are connected by a walkway beneath 4th street, called "the Concourse" on the museum's map. In 2008, the National Gallery of Art commissioned American artist Leo Villareal to transform the Concourse into an artistic installation. Today, Multiverse is the largest and near complex lite sculpture past Villareal featuring approximately 41,000 figurer-programmed LED nodes that run through channels forth the unabridged 200 ft (61 m)-long space.[19] The concourse also includes the food court and a gift shop.

The final chemical element of the National Gallery of Art complex, the Sculpture Garden was completed in 1999 afterward more than 30 years of planning. To the west of the West Building, on the contrary side of Seventh Street, the 6.1 acres (2.5 ha) Sculpture Garden was designed by landscape builder Laurie Olin[20] as an outdoor gallery for awe-inspiring modern sculpture.

The Sculpture Garden contains plantings of Native American species of canopy and flowering trees, shrubs, ground covers, and perennials. A circular reflecting pool and fountain form the center of its design, which arching pathways of granite and crushed stone complement. (The pool becomes an ice-skating rink during the wintertime.) The sculptures exhibited in the surrounding landscaped area include pieces past Marc Chagall, David Smith, Marking Di Suvero, Roy Lichtenstein, Sol LeWitt, Tony Smith, Roxy Paine, Joan Miró, Louise Bourgeois, and Hector Guimard.[21]

The foyer of National gallery of Art East Edifice

Taken at the exterior wall of National gallery of Art East Building

Renovations [edit]

The NGA's West Building was renovated from 2007 to 2009. Although some galleries closed for periods of fourth dimension, others remained open up.[22]

Afterwards congressional testimony that the Eastward Edifice suffered from "systematic structural failures", NGA adopted a Chief Renovations Plan in 1999. This programme established the timeline for closing the building, and planned for the renovation of the electronic security systems, elevators, and HVAC.[23] Space betwixt the ceilings of existing galleries and the building'southward skylights (which was never completed when the building was constructed in 1978)[23] would be renovated into ii, 23 ft (7.0 g) high, hexagonal Tower Galleries. The galleries would have a combined 12,260 sq ft (one,139 mtwo) of infinite and volition be lit past skylights. A rooftop sculpture garden would also be added. NGA officials said that the Belfry Galleries would probably business firm modern fine art, and the creation of a distinct "Rothko Room" was possible.

Beginning in 2011, NGA undertook an $85 one thousand thousand restoration of the Due east Building'south façade.[24] The East Building is clad in iii in (7.6 cm) thick pink marble panels. The panels are held about 2 in (five.one cm) away from the wall by stainless steel anchors. Gravity holds the panel in the bottom anchors (which are placed at each corner), while "button head" anchors (stainless steel posts with large, flat heads) at the superlative corners proceed the panel upright. Mortar was used on the gravity anchors to level the stones. Joints of flexible colored neoprene were placed between the panels. This system was designed to allow each panel to hang independent of its neighbors, and NGA officials say they are not aware of any other panel organization like information technology.

However, many panels were accidentally mortared together. Seasonal heating and cooling of the façade, infiltration of wet, and shrinkage of the building'due south structural physical by two in (5.1 cm) over time caused all-encompassing impairment to the façade. In 2005, regular maintenance showed that some panels were cracked or significantly damaged, while others leaned by more than than 1 in (ii.5 cm) out from the building (threatening to autumn).

The NGA hired the structural engineering science house Robert Silman Associates to determine the crusade of the trouble.[25] Although the Gallery began raising individual funds to set up the issue,[25] somewhen federal funding was used to repair the building.[24] In 2012, the NGA chose a joint venture, Balfour Beatty/Smoot, to consummate the repairs. Anodized aluminum anchors replaced the stainless steel ones, and the top corner anchors were moved to the center of the top edge of each stone. The neoprene joints were removed and new colored silicone gaskets installed, and leveling screws rather than mortar used to keep the panels square. Work began in November 2011,[25] and originally was scheduled to cease in 2014.[24] Past February 2012, all the same, the contractor said work on the façade would end in late 2013, and site restoration would take identify in 2014.[25] The E Building remained open throughout the projection.[22]

In March 2013, the National Gallery of Art announced a $68.4 million renovation to the E Building. This included $38.four one thousand thousand to refurbish the interior mechanical found of the construction,[23] and $30 one thousand thousand to create new exhibition infinite.[22] Considering the angular interior space of the East Building made it impossible to close off galleries,[23] the renovation required all but the atrium and offices to close by December 2013. The construction remained closed for three years. The architectural firm of Hartman-Cox oversaw both aspects of the renovation.[23]

A group of benefactors — which included Victoria and Roger Sant, Mitchell and Emily Rales, and David Rubenstein — privately financed the renovation. The Washington Mail service reported that the donation was one of the largest the NGA had received in a decade.[22] NGA staff said that they would employ the closure to conserve artwork, plan purchases, and develop exhibitions. Plans for renovating conservation, construction, exhibition prep, groundskeeping, office, storage, and other internal facilities were besides ready, but would not be implemented for many years.[23] [26]

Buildings [edit]

  • The Westward Edifice presently after structure, looking southeast from the National Mall

  • North face up of the Due west Building, with the due west side of the Due east Building and the United States Capitol in background

  • South face of the Westward Building (2014)

  • Rotunda of the W Building below dome (2004)

  • Oculus of the West Building dome (2008)

  • Due west Building sculpture gallery (2007)

  • West Building garden court (2010)

  • Satellite prototype of National Gallery of Art grounds and surrounding streets (2002)

  • Center of W Building plaza, looking west towards West Building (2010)

  • Fountain in West Building plaza (2010)

  • View of fountain from concourse below West Building plaza (2013)

  • Heart of West Building plaza, looking e towards archway of East Building (2000)

  • Southward face of East Building, looking northwest from southeast corner (2010)

  • Southwest corner of East Edifice, looking eastward (2007)

  • Southwest corner of E Building during renovation, looking northeast (2014)

  • East Building atrium (2007)

  • East Building atrium (2007)

Collection [edit]

Gerard van Honthorst'southward monumental 1623 masterwork, The Concert, was acquired by the NGA in 2013 and went on brandish for the first fourth dimension in 218 years.

The NGA's drove galleries and Sculpture Garden display European and American paintings, sculpture, works on paper, photographs, and decorative arts. Paintings in the permanent collection engagement from the Middle Ages to the present. The Italian Renaissance drove includes 2 panels from Duccio'due south Maesta, the tondo of the Adoration of the Magi by Fra Angelico and Filippo Lippi, a Botticelli work on the same field of study, Giorgione's Allendale Nativity, Giovanni Bellini's The Feast of the Gods, Ginevra de' Benci (the only painting by Leonardo da Vinci in the Americas) and groups of works by Titian and Raphael.

The collections include paintings by many European masters, including a version of Saint Martin and the Beggar, by El Greco, and works by Matthias Grünewald, Cranach the Elderberry, Rogier van der Weyden, Albrecht Dürer, Frans Hals, Rembrandt, Johannes Vermeer, Francisco Goya, Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, and Eugène Delacroix, amongst others. The collection of sculpture and decorative arts includes such works as the Beaker of Abbot Suger of St-Denis and a drove of work by Auguste Rodin and Edgar Degas. Other highlights of the permanent drove include the 2nd of the ii original sets of Thomas Cole's series of paintings titled The Voyage of Life, (the first set up is at the Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Establish in Utica, New York) and the original version of Watson and the Shark by John Singleton Copley (two other versions are in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston and the Detroit Constitute of Arts).

The National Gallery's print collection comprises 75,000 prints, in addition to rare illustrated books. Information technology includes collections of works past Albrecht Dürer, Rembrandt, Giovanni Battista Piranesi, William Blake, Mary Cassatt, Edvard Munch, Jasper Johns, and Robert Rauschenberg. The drove began with 400 prints donated by five collectors in 1941. In 1942, Joseph E. Widener donated his unabridged collection of nearly 2,000 works. In 1943, Lessing Rosenwald donated his collection of 8,000 one-time master and modern prints; betwixt 1943 and 1979, he donated almost 14,000 more than works. In 2008, Dave and Reba White Williams donated their collection of more than five,200 American prints.[27]

In 2013, the NGA purchased from a private French collection Gerard van Honthorst'south 1623 painting, The Concert, which had not been publicly viewed since 1795. Later initially displaying the 1.23 by ii.06 m (4.0 by 6.8 ft) The Concert in a special installation in the W Building, the NGA moved the painting to a permanent display in the museum'south Dutch and Flemish galleries.[28] Art experts estimated the sale price of The Concert at $20 meg, though the NGA did not reveal the amount that it had paid.[29]

Highlights of the collection [edit]

Selected highlights from the American collection [edit]

  • Thomas Cole, A View of the Mount Laissez passer Called the Notch of the White Mountains (Crawford Notch), 1839

See as well [edit]

  • Collections of the National Gallery of Fine art
  • List of original Hermitage paintings in the National Gallery of Art

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Fine art Newspaper Review, March 28,2022
  2. ^ The Art Paper annual museum visitor survey, published March 28,2022
  3. ^ Fink, Lois Marie "A History of the Smithsonian American Fine art Museum", University of Massachusetts Press (2007) ISBN 978-one-55849-616-three, chapter three
  4. ^ National Gallery of Art website: general introduction Archived Dec 8, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ National Gallery of Art website: chronology Archived April 7, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ a b "National Gallery of Art, West Edifice". American Architecture. Archived from the original on half dozen October 2011. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
  7. ^ "Cultural Landscape Inventory: The Mall (Part 2)" (PDF). U.S. National Park Service. 2006. pp. 49, 53, 72. Retrieved 2021-02-22 . {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ^ "Major Giving FAQS". www.nga.gov . Retrieved 2022-04-10 .
  9. ^ Kerr, Euan, "Mia's manager will exit to head National Gallery", Minnesota Public Radio News, December 11, 2018.
  10. ^ McGlone, Peggy, "The National Gallery of Art will have a female managing director for the get-go fourth dimension in its history", The Washington Post, December 11, 2018.
  11. ^ Greenberger, Alex (2021-05-xiii). "Latinx Fine art Proficient E. Carmen Ramos Named Master Curator of National Gallery of Art". ARTnews.com . Retrieved 2021-08-03 .
  12. ^ Selvin, Claire (2019-09-27). "National Gallery of Art Names Darren Walker Trustee, Mitchell Rales Appointed President". ARTnews . Retrieved 2019-09-28 .
  13. ^ "National Gallery of Art". Maps and Hours. 2016-01-12. Archived from the original on 2016-01-03.
  14. ^ "Degas at the Opéra". National Gallery of Art. 2020-08-25.
  15. ^ NGA.gov Archived October 3, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ Leigh, Catesby (December 8, 2009). "An Ultramodern Building Shows Signs of Age". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on March xi, 2016.
  17. ^ "In The Tower: Barnett Newman". www.nga.gov. Archived from the original on 1 February 2015. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
  18. ^ Menachem Wecker (August one, 2012). "His Cross To Bear. Barnett Newman Dealt With Suffering in 'Zips'". The Jewish Daily Forward. Archived from the original on February 4, 2013. Retrieved Baronial eight, 2012.
  19. ^ "Leo Villareal: Multiverse". world wide web.nga.gov.
  20. ^ "About the Gallery". www.nga.gov. Archived from the original on 22 September 2014. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
  21. ^ "Visit: Sculpture Garden". www.nga.gov. Archived from the original on 26 September 2014. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
  22. ^ a b c d Boyle, Katherine and Parker, Lonnae O'Neal. "National Gallery of Fine art Announces $30 Meg Renovation to East Building." Washington Post. March 12, 2013. Archived Apr 21, 2016, at the Wayback Machine Accessed 2013-03-13.
  23. ^ a b c d eastward f Boyle, Katherine. "National Gallery Sees Long-Term Benefit in Long Endmost of East Building." Washington Post. March xiii, 2013. Archived January half-dozen, 2018, at the Wayback Machine Accessed 2013-03-22.
  24. ^ a b c Kelly, John. "Why National Gallery's East Building Shed Its Pink Marble Peel." Washington Mail. February 21, 2012. Archived Jan 6, 2018, at the Wayback Machine Accessed 2013-03-thirteen.
  25. ^ a b c d Dietsch, Deborah K. "National Gallery of Art'south Famed East Building Gets a Facelift." Washington Business Journal. February 3, 2012. Archived Oct xviii, 2015, at the Wayback Machine Accessed 2013-03-13.
  26. ^ "The CIVITAS Chronicles". traditional-building.com. Archived from the original on 2015-03-23.
  27. ^ "Prints". Nga.gov. 2013-06-19. Archived from the original on 2013-12-21. Retrieved 2013-12-22 .
  28. ^ Boyle, Katherine. "National Gallery Acquires 'The Concert' by Dutch Golden Age Painter Honthorst." Washington Post. November 22, 2013. Archived Baronial 29, 2017, at the Wayback Automobile Accessed 2013-11-22.
  29. ^ Vogel, Carol "National Gallery Acquires a van Honthorst Masterwork." New York Times. Nov 21, 2013. Archived February 24, 2017, at the Wayback Auto Accessed 2013-11-22.
  30. ^ "Provenance". Nga.gov. Archived from the original on 2009-05-07. Retrieved 2013-12-22 .

Further reading [edit]

  • David Cannadine, Mellon: An American Life, Knopf, 2006, ISBN 0-679-45032-7
  • Neil Harris, Capital Culture: J. Carter Brownish, the National Gallery of Art, and the Reinvention of the Museum Experience, University of Chicago Press, 2013, ISBN 9780226067704
  • Andrew Kelly, Kentucky past Design: The Decorative Arts, American Culture, and the Index of American Design, University Press of Kentucky, 2015. ISBN 978-0-8131-5567-8
  • "The National Gallery of Fine art, Washington", special number of Connaissance des Arts, Société Français de Promotion Artistique (2000) ISSN 1242-9198

External links [edit]

  • Official website Edit this at Wikidata
  • NGA Collection
  • Department of Image Collections, National Gallery of Art Library
  • Center for Advanced Written report in the Visual Arts

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Art

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